Khirbat Al-Burj

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For other uses, see Burj (disambiguation).
Khirbat Al-Burj
File:PikiWiki Israel 10091 burj binyamina.jpg
Khirbat Al-Burj is located in Israel
Khirbat Al-Burj
Shown within Israel
Alternate name Burj Binyamina
Location Binyamina, Israel
Coordinates Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Type khan (caravanserei)

Khirbat Al-Burj or Burj Binyamina is a structure in the Sharon Plain 1 km south of Binyamina. The structure is recognized to be from the Ottoman period.

Modern History

Initially mentioned in year 1882 by The Survey of Western Palestine: "Walls and foundations without any indication of date."[1] On October 26, 1898, German Kaiser Wilhelm II stayed at the Burj khan (caravanserei) building during his visit to the Holy Land.[2] Turkish owner, Sidki Pasha, brother of Jamal Pasha, sold 4,000 dunams of the Burj farmland to I.C.A. in 1903.[3] The serious drawback was that most of the land was an uncultivable swamp.[4] Rothschild turned the land over to Binyamina's holdings.[4] Initially a group of farmers from Zichron Ya'akov stayed at the khan, due to distance to their settlement during the week. The group was called Burja’im. Subsequently, Binyamina was founded.[2] A letter from early 1920s describes establishment of Binyamina: "The 'Zichronim' [ people of Zichron Ya'akov ] owners of Burj farm decided to establish a Moshavah in this farm, in order to settle their sons there… "[5]

Claims of depopulation and dispossession

Kirbar al-Burj in 1942

Burj became Binyamina in 1922.[3] In the 1931 census Khirbat Al-Burj was listed under Binyamina.[6] The ownership of the village land was determined in 1934 according to the Land Settlement Ordinances.[7] By the time of the 1945 village survey, there were 5,291 dunums, 15 of which were owned by Arabs, 4,933 owned by Jews, and 343 were public.[8] In the 1945 Index Gazetteer, Khirbat Al-Burj was listed as a "village unit" but "no population".[9] According to Khalidi, Khirbat Al-Burj was a Palestinian village which was depopulated by Israelis in 1948.[10] The redsand (hamra) soils from Binyamina to Gedera, west of the coastal plain, were not cultivated till 20th century.[11] Khalidi also says the "village" was "known for its citrus crops" and situated on "rolling terrain".[9] The original economy of Binyamina was citrus-based.[12] According to Frantzman, the 1:20,000 map shows "a large structure, akin to a khan with no indication that it was populated".[9]

Archeological excavations

During June 2009, archeological excavations in the courtyard of the building Burj from the Ottoman period exposed a small building that dated to the Byzantine period (5th–7th centuries CE).[2] The surviving parts of the structure include a fortified structure with gun ports (the southwestern end of the center wing) and a sequence of vaults (the northern wing).[2]

Gallery

  • Binyamina-burj-81.jpg
  • Binyamina-burj-89.jpg
  • Binyamina-burj-91.jpg
  • Binyamina-burj-92.jpg

See also

  • Tel Burga - archeological site 1 km east of Binyamina, just outside the village land of Khirbat Al-Burj.[13]

References

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Bibliography

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External links

  1. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 52
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Benyamina, Burj Benyamina, Durar Masarwa
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ramat Hanadiv excavations: final report of the 1984-1998 seasons, by Yizhar Hirschfeld, Adrian J. Boas, p. 664
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Avneri, 1984, p. 107
  5. ↑ Document Regarding the Establishment of Binyamina, early 1920s
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ The Palestine Gazette, Supplement 2 to Issue 475, November 8, 1934, p. 953.
  8. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 48
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "The Arab settlement of Late Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine: New Village Formation and Settlement Fixation, 1871-1948", Seth J. Frantzman, p.71-72
  10. ↑ Khalidi, 1992, p. 156
  11. ↑ The Jewish people in the first century : historical geography, political history, social, cultural and religious life and institutions. Vol. 2, by Samuel Safrai; M Stern, page 640
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Survey of Palestine, map Caesarea 1:20,000, 1942. map 14-21.1942
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