209P/LINEAR
 |
|
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | LINEAR 1.0-m reflector[1] |
| Discovery date | 3 February 2004 (asteroidal) 30 March 2004 (tail) |
| Alternative designations |
2004 CB |
| Orbital characteristics A | |
| Epoch | 2014-May-23 (JD 2456800.5)[2] |
| Aphelion | 4.952 AU (Q) |
| Perihelion | 0.9695 AU (q) |
| Semi-major axis | 2.961 AU (a) |
| Eccentricity | 0.67258 |
| Orbital period | 5.09 yr |
| Inclination | 21.243° |
| Last perihelion | 2014-May-06[3] 2009-Apr-15[3] |
| Next perihelion | 2019-Jun-12[2] |
209P/LINEAR is a periodic comet discovered on 3 February 2004 by Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) using a 1.0-metre (39 in) reflector.[1] Initially it was observed without a coma and named 2004 CB as a minor planet or asteroid, but in March 2004 Robert H. McNaught observed a comet tail which confirmed it as a comet.[4] It was given the permanent number 209P on 12 December 2008 as it was the second observed appearance of the comet.[5] Prediscovery images of the comet, dating back to December 2003, were found during 2009.[4] Arecibo imaging in 2014 showed the comet nucleus is peanut shaped and about 2.4 km in diameter.[6][7] The comet has extremely low activity for its size and is probably in the process of evolving into an extinct comet.
2014 passage
209P/LINEAR came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 6 May 2014.[3] On 29 May 2014 the comet passed 0.0554 AU (8,290,000 km; 5,150,000 mi) from Earth,[8] but only brightened to about apparent magnitude 12.[9] The 2014 Earth approach was the 9th closest known comet approach to Earth.[10]
Associated meteor showers
Preliminary results by Esko Lyytinen and Peter Jenniskens, later confirmed by other researchers, predicted[11][12][13] 209P/LINEAR might generate the next big meteor shower which would come from the constellation Camelopardalis on the night of 23/24 May 2014. It was possible that there could be 100 to 400 meteors per hour.[11] All the trails from the comet from 1803 through 1924 were expected to intersect Earth's orbit during May 2014.[11] The peak activity was expected to occur around 24 May 2014 7h UT when dust trails produced from past returns of the comet could pass 0.0002 AU (30,000 km; 19,000 mi) from Earth.[13] The 2014 Camelopardalids only generated 10–15 visual meteors per hour.[14][15] But the expected radiant and date of visual maximum were correctly predicted.[15] The shower peaked around 6h UT on 24 May 2014.[15] The Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) detected the shower using HF/VHF radar echos but the particles were too small for visual detection. Earth will encounter the 1939 stream around 24 May 2019 8h UT with a ZHR of ~5. The Eta Aquariids also occur at this time of year.[16]
209P/LINEAR may also be the source of the weak 6–14 June meteor shower "sigma Ursae Majorids" (SIM #677).[10]
References
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- Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
- 209P/LINEAR – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
- Elements and Ephemeris for 209P/LINEAR – Minor Planet Center
- 209P/LINEAR at the Minor Planet Center's Database
- 209P/LINEAR – Kazuo Kinoshita (Dec. 21, 2008 )
- Camelopardalids 2014: First Results
- May Camelopardalids (SETI Institute / Peter Jenniskens)
- May Camelopardalids Fireball as seen from Pennsylvania via NASA Meteor Watch on Facebook
- How Scientists Chased a New Meteor Shower from the Sky (Space.com June 10, 2014)
| Periodic comets (by number) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Previous 208P/McMillan |
209P/LINEAR | Next 210P/Christensen |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ https://twitter.com/AreciboRadar/status/469988750110777345
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- ↑ Meteor Activity Outlook for May 24-30, 2014
