Air France Flight 007

This article is about the 1962 Air France crash. For the 1983 Korean Airlines incident, see Korean Air Lines Flight 007. For other uses, see Flight 7.

Air France Flight 007

An Air France Boeing 707-320 similar to the one involved
Accident summary
Date	June 3, 1962
Summary	Rejected takeoff due to mechanical failure
Site	Orly Airport, Paris, France
Passengers	122
Crew	10
Injuries (non-fatal)	2
Fatalities	130
Survivors	2
Aircraft type	Boeing 707-328
Aircraft name	Chateau de Sully
Operator	Air France
Registration	F-BHSM
Flight origin	Paris-Orly Airport
1st stopover	Idlewild Airport
2nd stopover	Atlanta Municipal Airport
Destination	Houston Municipal Airport

Air France Flight 007, a charter flight carrying the elite of Atlanta, Georgia's arts community, crashed on June 3, 1962 while attempting to depart Paris's Orly Airport. The 707 carried 122 passengers and 10 crew and only two survived. The crash was at the time the worst single-aircraft disaster, the first single civilian jet airliner disaster with more than 100 deaths, and the second deadliest aviation disaster in history.

Accident

According to witnesses, during the takeoff roll on runway 8, the nose of Flight 007 lifted off the runway, but the main landing gear remained on the ground. Even though the aircraft had already exceeded the maximum speed at which the takeoff could be safely aborted within the remaining runway length, the flight crew had no other choice and attempted to abort the take off.

With less than 3,000 feet (910 m) of runway remaining, the pilots used wheel brakes and reverse thrust to attempt to stop the 707. They braked so hard they destroyed the main landing gear tires and wheels, but the aircraft ran off the end of the runway. The left undercarriage failed and a fire broke out. Three flight attendants initially survived the disaster. Two attendants seated in the back of the cabin survived, but the third died in the hospital. At the time, it was the world's worst air disaster involving one aircraft.

Later investigation found that a motor driving the elevator trim had failed, leaving pilot Captain Roland Hoche and First Officer Jacques Pitoiset unable to complete rotation and liftoff.

Impact on Atlanta, Georgia

The Atlanta Art Association had sponsored a month-long tour of the art treasures of Europe and 106 of the passengers were art patrons heading home to Atlanta on this charter flight. The tour group included many of Atlanta's cultural and civic leaders. Atlanta mayor Ivan Allen Jr. went to Orly to inspect the crash site where so many Atlantans perished.

During their visit to Paris, the Atlanta arts patrons had seen Whistler's Mother at the Louvre. In late 1962, the Louvre, as a gesture of good will to the people of Atlanta, sent Whistler's Mother to Atlanta to be exhibited at the Atlanta Art Association museum on Peachtree Street.

The Woodruff Arts Center, originally called the Memorial Arts Center and one of the United States' largest, was founded in 1968 in memory of those who died in the crash. The loss to the city was a catalyst for the arts in Atlanta, helped create this memorial to the victims, and led to the creation of the Atlanta Arts Alliance. The French government donated a Rodin sculpture, The Shade, to the High Museum of Art in memory of the victims of the crash. Ann Uhry Abrams, the author of Explosion at Orly: The True Account of the Disaster that Transformed Atlanta, described the incident as "Atlanta's version of September 11 in that the impact on the city in 1962 was comparable to New York of September 11."

The crash occurred during the civil rights movement in the United States. Civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. and entertainer and activist Harry Belafonte announced cancellation of a sit-in in downtown Atlanta (a protest of the city's racial segregation) as a conciliatory gesture to the grieving city. However, Nation of Islam leader Malcolm X, speaking in Los Angeles, expressed joy over the deaths of the all-white group from Atlanta, saying "I would like to announce a very beautiful thing that has happened...I got a wire from God today...well, all right, somebody came and told me that he really had answered our prayers over in France. He dropped an airplane out of the sky with over 120 white people on it because the Muslims believe in an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. But thanks to God, or Jehovah, or Allah, we will continue to pray, and we hope that every day another plane falls out of the sky." These remarks led Los Angeles Mayor Sam Yorty to denounce him as a "fiend" and Dr. King to voice disagreement with his statement. Malcolm later remarked that "The Messenger should have done more." This incident was the first in which Malcolm X gained widespread national attention.

In art and popular culture

Andy Warhol painted his first "disaster painting", 129 Die in Jet! based on the June 4, 1962 cover of New York Mirror, the day after the crash. At that time, the death count was 129.

Ann Uhry Abrams wrote a biography of the passengers entitled Explosion at Orly, published in 2002. It detailed the lives of the passengers prior to their trip to Paris and the effect the disaster had on Atlanta.

Flight number

Air France continues to use the flight number 7 today. However, the flight number is used on the trip back to France, and the flight now only runs from New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport to Paris's Charles de Gaulle Airport, using an Airbus A380-800. The forward trip is now Flight 6, terminating in New York.

See also

• Garuda Indonesia Flight 865

External links

• The Day Atlanta Stood Still, 2001 Georgia Public TV documentary about the Orly Accident from the city of Atlanta's perspective.
• The Day Atlanta Died, from About North Georgia
• Orly Air Crash of 1962, from the New Georgia Encyclopedia
• 1962: 130 die in Paris air crash, On This Day, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
• Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
• Article on the crash at PilotFriend.com
• (French) Official report by the enquiry board of French ministry in charge of transportation (Archive)
• Newsreel footage concerning the incident (silent) (1962) courtesy of British Pathe (Record No:68928) at YouTube