Anne Henriette of Bavaria

Anne of Bavaria
Princess of Condé
Anne by Gobert
Born	(1648-03-13)13 March 1648 Paris, France
Died	Petit Luxembourg, Paris, France
Burial	Carmel du faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris, France
Spouse	Henri Jules, Prince of Condé
Issue Detail	Marie Thérèse, Princess of Conti Louis, Prince of Condé Anne Marie, Mademoiselle de Condé Louise Bénédicte, Duchess of Maine Marie Anne, Duchess of Vendôme
Full name Anne Henriette Julie
Father	Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern
Mother	Anna Gonzaga
Religion	Roman Catholicism
Signature

Anne of the Palatinate known in France as Anne of Bavaria, Princess Palatine (Anne Henriette Julie; 13 March 1648 – 23 February 1723) was a Princess of the Palatinate and Countess Palatine of Simmern by birth and was the wife of Henri Jules de Bourbon eldest son of Louis, Grand Condé. Following her father-in-law's death, her husband succeeded as Prince of Condé, a purely honorary title, but one of the highest ranking in France. She was also the Princess of Arches in her own right from 1708.

Background

Anne was born in Paris the second of the three daughters of Prince Palatine Edward. Her mother was Anna Gonzaga, a well known Parisian political hostess and sister of the Queen of Poland.

Marriage

At the age of fifteen, she was engaged to Henri Jules, Duke of Enghien, the only surviving child of the famous military commander the Grand Condé. The Grand Condé was the most senior prince of the blood at the French court and held the highly prestigious rank of First Prince. Henri Jules was his heir and prior his succession to the purely honuary title of prince, was styled the Duke of Enghien and was addressed Monsieur le Duc. The marriage ceremony took place at the Palais du Louvre on 11 December 1663 in front of the court with Louis XIV and the rest of the royal family in attendance. As this time, she became known as Madame la Duchesse, referring to the title Duchess of Enghien. She held that title till the death of her father-in-law in 1684, when Anne took on the style of Madame la Princesse.

Her husband, who suffered from Clinical lycanthropy, was greatly supported by his wife, known in French as Anne, princesse Palatine. Anne and her husband had 10 children in all. Anne described as very pious generous and charitable, was well praised by many at court due to her very supportive nature towards her husband. Despite that her husband, who was prone to great rages, would often beat his quiet wife, even in the presence of other courtiers. Of her many children, five survived infancy. Four of those went on to marry.

Her mother was instrumental in helping bring about a marriage between her niece by marriage, Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate and the brother of Louis XIV of France, Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans in 1671. Elisabeth Charlotte was Anne's first cousin, their fathers being brothers. In 1708, when her cousin Charles IV, Duke of Mantua died, being his heiress, Anne Henriette became the Princess of Arches in her own right. Charles IV was the last Duke of Mantua. The next year, Anne's husband died in Paris on 1 April 1709, aged 65 making her son, Louis, the next Prince of Condé.

Louis died the next year and his son Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon became the next holder of the title. Anne was the princess for whom the Rue Palatine was named - the road in the 6th arrondissement of Paris where she had lived in the Petit Luxembourg, next to the Luxembourg Palace in Paris. Anne also owned the Château du Raincy which was sold to the House of Orléans in 1769. The Princess Palatine died in Paris at the age of 74, having outlived her husband and all but 2 of her children, namely the Princess of Conti and the Duchess of Maine. On her death, the principality of Arches became extinct; the title was claimed by her son, the Prince of Condé and her nephew, the son of her sister, Louise Marie of Bavaria. She was buried at the Carmel du Faubourg Saint-Jacques in Paris.

Issue

Name	Portrait	Lifespan	Notes
Marie Thérèse de Bourbon Princess of Conti		1 February 1666 – 22 February 1732	Born in Paris and known as Mademoiselle de Bourbon in her youth, she married her cousin François Louis, Prince of Conti and had issue; she was briefly titular Queen of Poland in 1697.
Henri de Bourbon Duke of Bourbon		5 November 1667 – 5 July 1670	Died in infancy.
Louis de Bourbon Duke of Bourbon Prince of Condé		10 November 1668 – 4 March 1710	Born in Paris, he became the heir apparent of his father on his brother's death in 1670; he married Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, légitimée de France a daughter of Louis XIV; the couple had issue.
Anne de Bourbon Mademoiselle d’Enghien		11 November 1670 – 27 May 1675	Died in infancy.
Henri de Bourbon Count of Clermont		3 July 1672 – 6 June 1675	Born at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and died in Paris.
Louis Henri de Bourbon Count of La Marche		9 November 1673 – 21 February 1677	Born in Paris, he died at the age of 3 in the same city.
Anne Marie de Bourbon Mademoiselle d'Enghien Mademoiselle de Condé		11 August 1675 – 23 October 1700	Born in Paris, she died at the age of twenty-five at the Château Asnières.
Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon Duchess of Maine		8 November 1676 – 23 January 1753	Born in Paris, she was known as Mademoiselle d’Enghien and then Mademoiselle de Charolais during her youth; she married another illegitimate child of Louis XIV, Louis Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine; the couple had issue.
Marie Anne de Bourbon Duchess of Vendôme		24 February 1678 – 11 April 1718	Born in Paris, she was known as Mademoiselle de Montmorency and then Mademoiselle d’Enghien during her youth; she married her cousin, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme; the couple had no issue and Marie Anne died at the Hôtel de Vendôme.
N de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Clermont		17 July 1679 – 17 September 1680	Born and died in Paris.

Ancestry

Family of Anne Henriette of Bavaria

16. Louis VI, Elector Palatine               8. Frederick IV, Elector Palatine                       17. Elisabeth of Hesse               4. Frederick V, Elector Palatine                             18. William the Silent               9. Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau                       19. Charlotte of Bourbon               2. Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern                                   20. Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley               10. James I of England                       21. Mary, Queen of Scots               5. Elizabeth Stuart                             22. Frederick II of Denmark               11. Anne of Denmark                       23. Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow               1. Anne of Bavaria                                         24. Federico II, Duke of Mantua               12. Louis Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers                       25. Margaret Palaeologina               6. Charles I, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat                             26. Francis I of Cleves, 1st Duke of Nevers, Count of Rethel               13. Henriette of Cleves, Duchess of Nevers                       27. Marguerite de Bourbon Daughter of Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme               3. Anna Gonzaga                                   28. Francis, Duke of Guise               14. Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne                       29. Anna d'Este               7. Catherine of Lorraine                             30. Honorat II of Savoy, Count of Tende               15. Henriette of Savoy, Marquise de Villars                       31. Jeanne de Foix, Viscountess of Castillon

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Arms as Princess of Condé

Titles and styles

• 13 March 1648 – 11 December 1663 Her Serene Highness Princess Anne of the Palatinate
• 11 December 1663 – 11 November 1686 Her Serene Highness The Duchess of Enghien, Madame la Duchesse
• 11 November 1686 – 1 April 1709 Her Serene Highness The Princess of Condé, Madame la Princesse
• 1 April 1709 – 23 February 1723 Her Serene Highness The Dowager Princess of Condé, Madame la Princesse

References

Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

Anne Henriette of Bavaria House of Palatinate-Simmern Born: 1 February 1666 Died: 22 February 1733
French nobility
Preceded by Charles IV, Duke of Mantua	Princess of Arches 1708–1723	Succeeded by Extinct