Carpentras

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For the Renaissance composer of the same name, see Carpentras (composer).
Carpentras
Subprefecture and commune
Town hall
Town hall
Coat of arms of Carpentras
Coat of arms
Country France
Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Department Vaucluse
Arrondissement Carpentras
Canton Carpentras
Intercommunality CA Ventoux-Comtat Venaissin
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Serge Andrieu[1]
Area1 37.92 km2 (14.64 sq mi)
Population (Jan. 2018)2 Lua error in Module:Wd at line 405: invalid escape sequence near '"^'.
INSEE/Postal code 84031 / 84200
Elevation 56–212 m (184–696 ft)
(avg. 95 m or 312 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Carpentras (French pronunciation: ​[kaʁpɑ̃tʁa], formerly [kaʁpɑ̃tʁas];[2] Provençal Occitan: Carpentràs in classical norm or Carpentras in Mistralian norm; Latin: Carpentoracte) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

As capital of the Comtat Venaissin, it was frequently the residence of the Avignon popes; the Papal States retained possession of the Venaissin until the French Revolution. Nowadays, Carpentras is a commercial center for Comtat Venaissin and is famous for the black truffle markets held from winter to early spring.

Carpentras briefly held France's all-time high-temperature record, during the heatwave of June 2019.[3]

History

Classical antiquity

File:Carpentras Stela, in CIS II 141 (cropped).jpg
The Carpentras Stela, found in the town in 1704, was the first Northwest Semitic (i.e. Canaanite or Aramaic) inscription published anywhere in modern times.[4]

Carpentras was a commercial site used by Greek merchants in ancient times, and known to Romans at first as Carpentoracte Meminorum, mentioned by Pliny, then renamed Forum Neronis ("Forum of Nero"); the city retains an impressive Roman triumphal arch, that has been enclosed by the bishops' palace, rebuilt in 1640, now a law court, and a machicolated city gate, the Porte d'Orange.

Hôtel-Dieu in Carpentras.

Ancient Diocese of Carpentras

For the history of the bishopric of Carpentras, see Ancient Diocese of Carpentras.

Middle Ages

At the beginning of the Avignon Papacy, Pope Clement V took up residence, along with the Roman Curia, in Carpentras in 1313. His successor, Pope John XXII, settled definitively at Avignon.

Municipal library

Joseph-Dominique d'Inguimbert, Bishop of Carpentras from 1735 to 1754, established a great scholarly library which Jean-François Delmas, the chief librarian as of 2009, has called "the oldest of our municipal libraries"; known as the Bibliothèque Inguimbertine and now holding around 140,000 books, it is known to bibliophiles all over France and is scheduled to move into roomier quarters in the former Hôtel-Dieu in 2013.[5][full citation needed]

French Revolution and return to France

Until 1791, Carpentras was part of the Papal States, not of the Kingdom of France.

Like most communities across France, Carpentras played a role in the 1789-1799 French Revolution, particularly during the rule of the French Directory. After the 'Anti-Royalist' September 4, 1797 Coup of 18 Fructidor, on October 22, 1797, counter-revolutionaries take the city's government and hold it in protest for 24 hours.

Jewish community

Into the 20th and 21st centuries, Carpentras has been an important centre of French Judaism and is home to the oldest synagogue in France, which opened in 1367 and is still active today[when?]. The Jewish cemetery was desecrated by members of the French and European Nationalist Party in May 1990, causing a public uproar and a demonstration in Paris that was attended by 200,000 people, including then-president François Mitterrand.[6]

Population

Historical population
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1793 9,900 —    
1800 8,489 −2.17%
1806 9,674 +2.20%
1821 9,099 −0.41%
1831 9,817 +0.76%
1836 9,224 −1.24%
1841 9,776 +1.17%
1846 10,198 +0.85%
1851 10,711 +0.99%
1856 10,891 +0.33%
1861 10,918 +0.05%
1866 10,848 −0.13%
1872 10,524 −0.50%
1876 10,479 −0.11%
1881 9,699 −1.54%
1886 9,685 −0.03%
1891 9,778 +0.19%
1896 10,797 +2.00%
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1901 10,443 −0.66%
1906 10,721 +0.53%
1911 11,390 +1.22%
1921 11,191 −0.18%
1926 11,805 +1.07%
1931 12,632 +1.36%
1936 13,732 +1.68%
1946 14,222 +0.35%
1954 15,076 +0.73%
1962 18,199 +2.38%
1968 21,388 +2.73%
1975 24,251 +1.81%
1982 24,838 +0.34%
1990 24,212 −0.32%
1999 26,090 +0.83%
2007 28,526 +1.12%
2012 28,520 −0.00%
2017 28,309 −0.15%
Source: EHESS[7] and INSEE (1968-2017)[8]

Geography

Carpentras stands on the banks of the river Auzon, a tributary of the Sorgue. It is 23 km southwest of Mont Ventoux, and 23 km northeast of Avignon. Carpentras station has rail connections to Sorgues and Avignon.

Climate

In the Köppen climate classification, Carpentras has a borderline humid subtropical (Cfa),[9] and hot-summer mediterranean climate (Csa) with cool winters and hot summers. The rainiest seasons are spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October), where heavy downpours may happen.

Climate data for Carpentras (1981–2010 averages)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 21.0
(69.8)		 23.1
(73.6)		 28.1
(82.6)		 30.8
(87.4)		 35.4
(95.7)		 44.3
(111.7)		 41.6
(106.9)		 41.9
(107.4)		 35.2
(95.4)		 31.0
(87.8)		 24.9
(76.8)		 21.5
(70.7)		 44.3
(111.7)
Average high °C (°F) 10.7
(51.3)		 12.4
(54.3)		 16.4
(61.5)		 19.5
(67.1)		 24.2
(75.6)		 28.3
(82.9)		 31.9
(89.4)		 31.3
(88.3)		 26.1
(79)		 20.8
(69.4)		 14.5
(58.1)		 11.0
(51.8)		 20.6
(69.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.6
(42.1)		 6.7
(44.1)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.1
(55.6)		 17.4
(63.3)		 21.1
(70)		 24.2
(75.6)		 23.6
(74.5)		 19.4
(66.9)		 15.1
(59.2)		 9.5
(49.1)		 6.3
(43.3)		 14.3
(57.7)
Average low °C (°F) 0.4
(32.7)		 1.0
(33.8)		 3.8
(38.8)		 6.7
(44.1)		 10.6
(51.1)		 13.9
(57)		 16.4
(61.5)		 15.9
(60.6)		 12.6
(54.7)		 9.3
(48.7)		 4.5
(40.1)		 1.5
(34.7)		 8.1
(46.6)
Record low °C (°F) −15.4
(4.3)		 −12.8
(9)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 0.1
(32.2)		 4.4
(39.9)		 7.6
(45.7)		 6.7
(44.1)		 2.2
(36)		 −3.1
(26.4)		 −9.0
(15.8)		 −12.0
(10.4)		 −15.4
(4.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 42.0
(1.654)		 34.4
(1.354)		 41.5
(1.634)		 63.1
(2.484)		 58.2
(2.291)		 39.5
(1.555)		 24.8
(0.976)		 49.9
(1.965)		 95.0
(3.74)		 87.5
(3.445)		 64.7
(2.547)		 47.6
(1.874)		 648.2
(25.52)
Average precipitation days 5.6 5.1 4.9 7.0 6.6 4.5 2.9 3.6 5.5 7.6 6.6 5.8 65.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours 149.3 174.3 231.7 240.6 279.8 325.9 361.7 322.8 251.3 185.5 152.1 136.8 2,811.8
Source: Meteo France[10][11]

Economy

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Traditions

Truffle market in Carpentras

Carpentras is famous for the Truffle market that takes place every Friday morning during the winter months.[12]

Its traditional confectionery is the berlingot, a small hard candy with thin white stripes, originally made from the syrup left over from conservation of fruits.

Personalities

Carpentras was the birthplace of (chronologically):

International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Carpentras is twinned with:

See also

References

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External links

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  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Thomas Wieder, "Un cabinet de curiosités à Carpentras," Le Monde des Livres, August 13, 2009.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Carpentras, EHESS. Script error: No such module "In lang".
  8. ↑ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Truffle Market
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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