Ed Balls

The Right Honourable Ed Balls
File:Ed Balls 2.jpg
Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
In office 20 January 2011 – 8 May 2015
Leader	Ed Miliband
Preceded by	Alan Johnson
Succeeded by	Chris Leslie
Shadow Home Secretary
In office 8 October 2010 – 20 January 2011
Leader	Ed Miliband
Preceded by	Alan Johnson
Succeeded by	Yvette Cooper
Shadow Secretary of State for Education
In office 11 May 2010 – 8 October 2010
Leader	Harriet Harman Ed Miliband
Preceded by	Michael Gove
Succeeded by	Andy Burnham
Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
In office 28 June 2007 – 11 May 2010
Prime Minister	Gordon Brown
Preceded by	Alan Johnson
Succeeded by	Michael Gove
Economic Secretary to the Treasury
In office 6 May 2006 – 28 June 2007
Prime Minister	Tony Blair
Preceded by	Ivan Lewis
Succeeded by	Kitty Ussher
Member of Parliament for Morley and Outwood Normanton (2005–2010)
In office 5 May 2005 – 7 May 2015
Preceded by	Bill O'Brien
Succeeded by	Andrea Jenkyns
Personal details
Born	Edward Michael Balls (1967-02-25) 25 February 1967 Norwich, Norfolk
Nationality	British
Political party	Labour Co-operative
Spouse(s)	Yvette Cooper
Alma mater	Keble College, Oxford Harvard University
Religion	Anglicanism
Website	Official website

Edward Michael "Ed" Balls (born 25 February 1967) is a British Labour Party and Co-operative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Normanton from 2005 to 2010 and for Morley and Outwood from 2010 to 2015.

Balls was Chief Economic Advisor to the Treasury (1997-2004), Economic Secretary to the Treasury (2006-7) and served as Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families in Gordon Brown's Government from 2007 to 2010. He was the Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer at the time of his electoral defeat, which was described by Larry Elliott of The Guardian as the Portillo moment of the election.

He is currently a Senior Fellow at Harvard University Kennedy School’s Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, and a Visiting Professor to the Policy Institute at King’s College London. He was appointed chairman of Norwich City F.C. in December 2015.

Balls is married to former Shadow Home Secretary and Labour MP Yvette Cooper. In June 2007, they became the first married couple to serve together in HM Cabinet when Cooper became Chief Secretary to the Treasury.

Early life

Balls's father is the zoologist Professor Michael Balls CBE; his mother is Carolyn Janet Balls (née Riseborough). His younger brother is Andrew Balls, the head of European Operations at the bond and investment firm PIMCO.

Balls was born in Norwich and educated at Bawburgh Primary School in Norwich, Crossdale Drive Primary School in Keyworth, Nottinghamshire, and then the private all-boys Nottingham High School, where he played the violin. He read Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Keble College, Oxford, graduating with a First — according to John Rentoul in The Independent — ahead of David Cameron. Later he attended the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard, where he was a Kennedy Scholar specialising in Economics.

Balls joined the Labour Party in 1983 while still at school. While at Oxford he was a partially active member of the Labour Club, but also signed up to the Liberal Club as well as the Conservative Association, "because they used to book top-flight political speakers, and only members were allowed to attend their lectures" according to friends. Balls was a founding member of the all-male drinking club, The Steamers, and suffered embarrassment when a contemporary photo of him wearing Nazi uniform appeared in the papers.

Early career

From 1988–90 Balls was a Teaching Fellow at Harvard University. He joined the Financial Times in 1990 as a lead economic writer until his appointment as an economic adviser to Shadow Chancellor Gordon Brown in 1994. When Labour won the 1997 general election, Brown became Chancellor and Balls continued to work as his economic adviser; he went on to become Chief Economic Advisor to the Treasury.

As Chief Economic Adviser to the Treasury (1997-2004), he led the design of policies including independence of the Bank of England, the New Deal jobs programme, the Five Tests Euro assessment, Sure Start, tax credits and the national minimum wage. During this time he was the Chair of the IMFC Deputies and the UK G20 Deputy.

Political career

In July 2004, Balls was selected to stand as Labour and Co-operative candidate for the parliamentary seat of Normanton in West Yorkshire, a Labour stronghold whose MP, Bill O'Brien, was retiring. He stepped down as Chief Economic Adviser to HM Treasury, but was given a position at the Smith Institute, a political think tank. HM Treasury and the Cabinet Office was subsequently stated that "the normal and proper procedures were followed".

Member of Parliament

In the 2005 general election, he was elected MP for Normanton with a majority of 10,002 and 51.2% of the vote. After the Boundary Commission proposed changes which would abolish his constituency, Balls ran a campaign, in connection with the local newspaper the Wakefield Express, to save the seat and, together with the three other Wakefield MPs (his wife Yvette Cooper, Mary Creagh and Jon Trickett), fought an unsuccessful High Court legal action against the Boundary Commission's proposals.

In March 2007, he was selected to be the Labour Party candidate for the new Morley and Outwood constituency, which contains parts of the abolished Normanton and Morley and Rothwell constituencies, and was elected for the new seat in May 2010. On 5 February 2013, Ed Balls voted in favour in the House of Commons Second Reading vote on marriage equality in Britain.

Cabinet

Balls became Economic Secretary to the Treasury, a junior ministerial position at HM Treasury, in the Cabinet reshuffle of May 2006. While Economic Secretary, he was commissioned by the G7 Finance Ministers to prepare a report on economic aspects of the Israel-Palestine conflict.

When Gordon Brown became Prime Minister on 27 June 2007, Balls was promoted to Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families.

In October 2008, Balls announced that the Government had decided to scrap SATs tests for 14-year-olds, a move which was broadly welcomed by teachers, parent groups and opposition MPs. The decision to continue with SATs tests for 11-year-olds was described by head teachers' leader Mick Brookes as a missed opportunity.

In December 2008, in the wake of the Baby P Case, Ed Balls intervened directly in the running of Haringey Social Services, ordering the immediate dismissal without compensation of Sharon Shoesmith the Director of Children's Services. David Cameron had also called for her dismissal. Prior to her dismissal, Shoesmith had been widely praised in her former role as Director of Education, though she was handicapped by having no social work background. An emergency OFSTED report ordered by Balls in November 2008 following the child abuse trial found that safeguarding arrangements were inadequate though Shoesmith's lawyers claimed the final report was changed. Shoesmith subsequently brought a Judicial review against Balls, Ofsted and Haringey Council and a series of appeals followed. The Conservative Opposition supported Balls' right to dismiss her "because ministers want to uphold the principle that they – and not the courts, through judicial review – should be responsible for their decisions". She received compensation because her sacking had been "procedurally unfair" and the Department for Children, Schools and Families was subsequently refused leave to appeal to the Supreme Court. In October 2013 it was reported that Shoesmith had agreed an out-of-court settlement with her former employer Haringey Council; unconfirmed reports referred to a sum of 'up to £600,000'. Appeal Court judge Lord Neuberger had described Balls' dismissal of Shoesmith as 'unlawful', but in a statement issued on 29 October, Balls asserted that 'faced with the same situation [he] would do the same thing again.'

Balls sponsored the Children, Schools and Families Bill which had its first reading on 19 November 2009. Part of the proposed legislation will see regulation of parents who home educate their children in England, introduced in response to the Badman Review, with annual inspections to determine quality of education and welfare of the child. Home educators across the UK petitioned their MPs to remove the proposed legislation.

Several parts of the bill, including the proposed register for home educators, and compulsory sex education lessons, were abandoned as they had failed to gain cross party support prior to the pending May 2010 election.

Labour leadership election

Main article: Labour Party (UK) leadership election, 2010

Following the resignation of Gordon Brown as both Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party, Balls announced on 19 May 2010 that he was standing in the election to replace Brown. Balls was the third candidate to secure the minimum of 33 nominations from members of the Parliamentary Labour Party in order to enter the leadership race. The other contenders were former Foreign Secretary David Miliband, former Health Secretary Andy Burnham, backbencher Diane Abbott and former Energy Secretary Ed Miliband, who would go on to win.

Shadow Cabinet

The newly elected Labour Leader Ed Miliband appointed Balls Shadow Home Secretary on 8 October 2010, a job he held until 20 January 2011, when the resignation of Alan Johnson due to "personal reasons" led Miliband to announce Balls as Labour's Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer. As Shadow Chancellor, Balls regularly appeared with Miliband at joint press conferences relating to Labour policy. Together with Miliband, Balls promoted a "five-point plan for jobs and growth" as Shadow Chancellor. The plan was described as aimed at helping the UK economy, and would have involved reinstating the bonus tax to fund building more social homes, bringing forward long-term investment, cutting VAT to 17.5%, cutting VAT on home improvements to 5% for one year, and instigating a one-year national insurance break.

Balls declared in January 2012 that he would continue with the public sector pay freeze which led to opposition from Len McCluskey. He had a bruising exchange in the House of Commons with George Osborne regarding the Libor rate scandal, where Osborne accused Balls of being involved in the scandal. Conservative MPs became unhappy after Bank of England deputy governor, Paul Tucker denied encouragement to pressurise Barclays with Andrea Leadsom saying Osborne had made a mistake and should apologise.

2015 general election

It was claimed that the Labour leader's office had known for two weeks that Balls was likely to lose. In the 2015 general election Balls lost his seat to the Conservative Party's Andrea Jenkyns by a margin of 3.6%. On 11 May it was reported that Balls would receive up to £88,000 as a "golden goodbye" on leaving the Commons.

Ex-MP

Balls was appointed Senior Fellow at John F. Kennedy School of Government and also became Visiting Professor of King's College, London in October 2015. In December 2015, he was appointed Chairman of Norwich City F.C..

Political activities

Balls has played a prominent role in the Fabian Society. In 1992 he wrote a Fabian pamphlet advocating Bank of England independence, a policy adopted when Gordon Brown became Chancellor in 1997.

Balls was elected Vice-Chair of the Fabian Society for 2006 and Chair of the Fabian Society for 2007. As Vice-Chair of the Fabian Society, he launched the Fabian Life Chances Commission report in April 2006 and opened the Society's Next Decade lecture series in November 2006, arguing for closer European cooperation on the environment.

Balls has been a central figure in New Labour's economic reform agenda. He and Gordon Brown have differed from the Blairites in being keen to stress their roots in Labour party intellectual traditions such as Fabianism and the co-operative movement as well as their modernising credentials in policy and electoral terms. In a New Statesman interview in March 2006, Martin Bright writes that Balls "says the use of the term 'socialist' is less of a problem for his generation than it has been for older politicians like Blair and Brown, who remain bruised by the ideological warfare of the 1970s and 1980s".

"When I was at college, the economic system in eastern Europe was crumbling. We didn't have to ask the question of whether we should adopt a globally integrated, market-based model. For me, it is now a question of what values you have. Socialism, as represented by the Labour Party, the Fabian Society, the Co-operative movement, is a tradition I can be proud of", said Balls.

Allegations over allowances

Main article: United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal

In September 2007, with his wife Yvette Cooper MP, he was accused by Liberal Democrat MP Norman Baker of "breaking the spirit of Commons rules" by using MPs' allowances to help pay for a £655,000 home in north London. Balls and Cooper bought a four bedroom house in Stoke Newington, and registered this as their second home (rather than their home in Castleford, West Yorkshire) in order to qualify for up to £44,000 a year to subsidise a reported £438,000 mortgage under the Commons Additional Costs Allowance, of which they claimed £24,400. Both worked in London full-time and their children attended local London schools. Balls and Cooper claimed that "The whole family travel between their Yorkshire home and London each week when Parliament is sitting. As they are all in London during the week, their children have always attended the nearest school to their London house."

Balls and Cooper "flipped" the designation of their second home three times within the space of two years. In June 2008 they were referred to the Standards Commissioner over allegations that they were claiming expenses for what was effectively their main home in London, their combined claim was £24,000 i.e. "slightly more" than the single MP allowance. The commissioner exonerated them, adding that their motives were not for profit as they paid full capital gains tax.

Personal life

He married Yvette Cooper MP, who later became Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, in Eastbourne on 10 January 1998. Cooper is Member of Parliament for Morley & Outwood's neighbouring constituency of Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford. They have three children. Cooper and Balls were the first married couple to serve together in the British cabinet.

Balls was fined in June 2013 for going through a red light in December 2012. He has also admitted speeding in April 2013 and using his mobile phone whilst driving during the 2010 General Election campaign.

In September 2010, the British Stammering Association announced that Balls had become a Patron of the Association. Its Chief Executive, Norbert Lieckfeldt, paid tribute to him for having been very public in his declaration that he has at times struggled with his speech.

He has run the London Marathon three times since 2011, raising over £160,000 for WhizzKidz, a disabled children’s charity, and Action for Stammering Children.

Fined for failing to stop after a car "crash"

On 5 August 2014, Balls was fined £900 and given five penalty points on his driving licence for failing to stop after a car accident. He said he knew that the cars had touched, but did not stop to check as he did not think any damage had been done.

Ed Balls Day

Balls, alerted by an assistant to an article about him and urged to search Twitter for it, accidentally entered his intended search term in the wrong box and ended up sending a tweet saying "Ed Balls" on 28 April 2011. The unusual tweet was spotted and retweeted by thousands (Balls was unaware that it was possible to delete a tweet). The incident is now celebrated as "Ed Balls Day" on its anniversary each 28 April, with followers retweeting his original message. When invited to send something to be auctioned to raise funds for the party in 2015, Balls submitted a framed, signed printout of the tweet.

See also

• Ed Balls document leak
• King's College London

External links

• Ed Balls official constituency website
• Profile at Parliament of the United Kingdom
• Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803–2005
• Current session contributions in Parliament at Hansard
• Voting record at Public Whip
• Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYou
• Profile at Westminster Parliamentary Record
• Profile at BBC News Democracy Live
• Articles authored at Journalisted

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Bill O'Brien	Member of Parliament for Normanton 2005–2010	Constituency Abolished
Preceded by Constituency Created	Member of Parliament for Morley and Outwood 2010–2015	Succeeded by Andrea Jenkyns
Political offices
Preceded by Ivan Lewis	Economic Secretary to the Treasury 2006–2007	Succeeded by Kitty Ussher
Preceded by Alan Johnson	Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families 2007–2010	Succeeded by Michael Gove
Preceded by Michael Gove	Shadow Secretary of State for Education 2010	Succeeded by Andy Burnham
Preceded by Alan Johnson	Shadow Home Secretary 2010–2011	Succeeded by Yvette Cooper
Preceded by Alan Johnson	Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer 2011–2015	Succeeded by Chris Leslie
Party political offices
Preceded by Seema Malhotra	Chair of the Fabian Society 2006–2007	Succeeded by Anne Campbell
Business positions
Preceded by Alan Bowkett	Norwich City chairman 2015–present	Incumbent