Haplogroup L4 (mtDNA)
| Haplogroup L4 | |
|---|---|
| Possible place of origin | East Africa |
| Ancestor | L3'4 |
| Descendants | L4a, L4b |
| Defining mutations | 5460, 16362[1] |
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup L4 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
It is a small African haplogroup.[2]
Origin
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Distribution
L4 is important in East Africa and Horn of Africa. The highest frequencies are in Tanzania among the Hadza at 60-83% and Sandawe at 48%.[3]
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L4 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.
Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA)
- L1-6
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Haplogroups L4.
- ↑ Tishkoff, S. et al. 2007, History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2007 24(10):2180-2195
|
Evolutionary tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mitochondrial Eve (L) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L0 | L1–6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | N | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CZ | D | E | G | Q | O | A | S | R | I | W | X | Y | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C | Z | B | F | R0 | pre-JT | P | U | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HV | JT | K | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H | V | J | T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External links
- Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
- Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
<templatestyles src="Asbox/styles.css"></templatestyles>
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