Heteroreceptor
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
A heteroreceptor is a receptor regulating the synthesis and/or the release of mediators other than its own ligand.[1]
Heteroreceptors are receptors that respond to neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, or neurohormones released from adjacent neurons or cells; they are opposite to autoreceptors, which are sensitive only to neurotransmitters or hormones released by the cell in whose wall they are embedded.[2]
Examples
- Norepinephrine can influence the release of acetylcholine from parasympathetic neurons by acting on α2 adrenergic (α2A, α2B, and α2C) heteroreceptors.[3]
- Acetylcholine can influence the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons by acting on muscarinic-2 and muscarinic-4 heteroreceptors.
- CB1 negatively modulates the release of GABA[4][5] and glutamate,[6] playing a crucial role in maintaining a homeostasis between excitatory and inhibitory transmission.
- Glutamate released from excitatory neuron escapes synaptic cleft and preferentially effects mGluR III receptors on presynaptic terminal of interneurons. Glutamate spillover leads to inhibition of GABA release, modulating GABAergic transmission.[7][8]
See also
References
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