Hybrid array
A hybrid array is a form of hierarchical storage management that combines hard disk drives (HDDs) with solid-state drives (SSDs) for I/O speed improvements.
Hybrid storage arrays aim to mitigate the ever increasing price-performance gap between HDDs and DRAM by adding a non-volatile flash level to the memory hierarchy.[1] Hybrid arrays thus aim to lower the cost per I/O, as a more cost-effective solution than using only SSDs for storage. Hybrid architectures can be as simple as involving a single SSD cache for desktop or laptop computers, or can be more complex as configurations for enterprise storage and cloud computing.
Implementations
Numerous manufacturers offer hardware and software solutions for building hybrid arrays, including:
- Adaptec's High-performance Hybrid Arrays (HPHA) for enterprise storage, e.g. the MaxIQ series[2]
- Apple's Fusion Drive
- bcache, dm-cache, and Flashcache/EnhanceIO on Linux
- Condusive's ExpressCache mostly used on laptops
- EMC VFcache[3]
- Various Fusion-io products, e.g. ioTurbine[4] and the product line it acquired by buying NexGen [5]
- Hitachi Accelerated Flash Storage (HAFS) used together with the Hitachi Dynamic Tiering software[6]
- IBM Flash Cache Storage Accelerator (FCSA) server software[7]
- Intel's Smart Response Technology for desktop
- Intel's Cache Acceleration Software for servers and workstations
- LSI CacheCade software for their controllers[8]
- Marvell's HyperDuo controllers[9]
- Microsoft's Automated Tiering (since Windows 2012 R2)
- NetApp's Flash Cache, Flash Pool, Flash Accel[10]
- Oracle/Exadata Smart Cache Flash
- Oracle FS1 Flash Storage System
- Microsoft' ReadyBoost, useful for low-end personal computers using USB flash drives as cache
- Nvelo DataPlex SSD caching software[11] (acquired by Samsung[12])
- SanDisk FlashSoft for Windows, Linux, and vSphere[4]
- Products of vendors like AMI StorTrends,[13] Tegile, Reduxio, and Tintri[14]
- ZFS using Hybrid Storage Pools, used for example in some Oracle products[15]
See also
- Hybrid drive – built-in flash cache, handled by firmware
- Automated tiered storage – another name for hierarchical storage management
- The "five-minute rule" for caching
References
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