Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
File:PhilippI.Braunschweig.JPG
Spouse(s)	N.N. Catherine of Mansfeld-Vorderort
Noble family	House of Guelf
Father	Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
Mother	Countess Elizabeth of Waldeck
Born	1476
Died	4 September 1551 Herzberg

Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (German: Philipp I., Herzog von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen; 1476 – 4 September 1551, Herzberg) was a member of the House of Guelph. He was ruler of the Principality of Grubenhagen. He was the second son of Duke Albert II of Grubenhagen and his wife Elizabeth, née Countess of Waldeck. Philip was the last member of the Grubenhagen line to use the title Duke of Brunswick. His successors used the title Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg, like most other princes of the House of Guelph.

After his father's death in 1485, he was first under the guardianship of his cousin Henry and his mother Elisabeth. As early as 1486 he signed deeds himself. In 1494, he took up the government of his principality. His seat, Herzberg Castle, was completely destroyed in a fire in 1510. His cousin Henry died childless in 1526 and Philip inherited Henry's part of the principality, thereby reuniting all of Grubenhagen under a single Duke for the first time since 1479.

Philip was one of the first princes to follow the Reformation. He was present at the Diet of Worms in 1521 and joined the League of Torgau in 1526. In 1531, he formed, with other princes, the Schmalkaldic League. He then reformed the monasteries in his principality and in 1538, he adopted a Church order for Grubenhagen and declared the papal doctrine to be abolished. In 1546 Philip and his sons participated in a military campaign in the Schmalkaldic War in southern Germany, which ended unsuccessfully at Ingolstadt. This campaign drew the ire of Emperor Charles V. After the utter defeat of the Protestants, he was acquitted in 1548 and reinstated as Duke.

After his death in 1551, he was succeeded by his son Ernest III in the government, and after Ernest's death in 1567, Ernest was succeeded by his younger brother Wolfgang. When Wolfgang died in 1595 without male offspring, he was succeeded by Philip's youngest son, Philip II. With Philip II's death without male offspring in 1596, the male line of the Grubenhagen line of the House of Guelph died out.

Marriage and issue

Philip I. was married twice. His first wife probably died in childbirth, in 1509. They had one son:

• Philip (1509–1512)

He then married Catherine of Mansfeld-Vorderort (born October 1, 1501; died 1535). They had nine children:

• Ernest III (born: 17 December 1518; died April 2, 1567), Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

married Anne Margaret of Pomerania-Stettin (1551–1567)

• Elizabeth (born: 18 March 1520, died 1520)
• Albert (born: 20 October 1521; died in battle 20 October 1546)
• Phillip (born: 10 June 1523, died 1531)
• Catherine (born: 30 August 1524; died 24 February 1581)

married firstly Duke John Ernest of Saxe-Coburg;

married secondly Philip II, Count of Schwarzburg-Leutenberg

• John (born: 28 May 1526; died in the Battle of Saint-Quentin, 2 September 1557, Saint-Quentin, France)
• Barbara (born:25 January 1528; died 1528)
• Wolfgang (born: 6 April 1531; died 14 March 1595), Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

married Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (1567–1595)

• Philip II (born: 2 May 1533, died: 4 April 1596), Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

married Clara of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1595–1596)

Ancestors

Family of Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

16. Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen               8. Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen                       17. Adelheid of Eberstein               4. Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen                             18. Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg               9. Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg                       19. Catherine of Anhalt-Bernburg               2. Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen                                   20. Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Göttingen               10. Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Göttingen                       21. Elisabeth of Hesse               5. Elisabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen                             22. William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg               11. Margaret of Jülich-Berg                       23. Anna of the Palatinate               1. Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen                                         24. Henry VI, Count of Waldeck               12. Henry VII, Count of Waldeck                       25. Elizabeth of Berg               6. Wolrad I, Count of Waldeck                             26. Walram IV, Count of Nassau-Idstein               13. Margaret of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein                       27. Bertha of Westerburg               3. Elisabeth of Waldeck                                   28. John I, Count of Wertheim               14. Michael I, Count of Wertheim                       29. Uta of Teck               7. Barbara of Wertheim                             30. Frederick I, Count of Henneberg-Römhild               15. Sophie of Henneberg                       31. Elisabeth of Henneberg-Schleusingen

References

• Paul Zimmermann: Das Haus Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, Wolfenbüttel, 1911

External links

• Information about Philip I at www.Welfen.de

Philip I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen House of Welf Born: 1476 Died: 4 September 1551
Preceded by Albert II	Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Prince of Grubenhagen 1485–1551	Succeeded by Ernest III