Pisco, Peru
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| Pisco | ||
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| Plaza de Armas in 2001. Church was destroyed in the 2007 earthquake
Plaza de Armas in 2001. Church was destroyed in the 2007 earthquake
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 Pisco
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| Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||
| Country |  Peru |
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| Region | Ica | |
| Province | Pisco | |
| District | Pisco | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Jesus Felipe Echegaray Nieto | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 3,978.19 km2 (1,535.99 sq mi) | |
| Population | ||
| • Estimate (2015)[1] | 104,656 | |
| Demonym(s) | Pisquena(o) | |
| Time zone | PET (UTC-5) | |
Pisco is a city located in the Ica Region of Peru, the capital of the Pisco Province. The city is around 9 metres (28 feet) above sea level. Pisco was founded in 1640,[2] close to the indigenous emplacement of the same name. Pisco originally prospered because of its nearby vineyards and became noted for its grape brandy or pisco[3] which used to be exported from its port.[4][5] Pisco has an estimated population of 133,926 (est. 2013).[6]
Contents
Tourist attractions
Pisco is a Quechua word that means "bird."[3] The area is often visited because of the concentration of marine animals and birds at the Paracas National Reserve, or the Peruvian Galapagos.[7] At the reserve there are the Islas Ballestas, a collection of islands which are off limits to people, but boat tours can get close to. The Chincha Islands are also near its coast. Many bird species can be seen in the islands including pelicans, penguins, cormorants, Peruvian boobies, and Inca terns, as well as sea lions, turtles, dolphins, and whales.
Another attraction in the area is El Candelabro, a giant lamp dug in the rough sand in the method used by the creators of the Nazca Lines.
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El Candelabro Peru Ballestas Islands.jpg
El Candelabro, Ballestas Islands
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Sea Lion Isla Paracas.jpg
Pelicans, Ballestas Islands
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Sea Lion Islas Ballestas.jpg
Sea Lion, Ballestas Islands
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Das Strassenbild von Picso.jpg
Local taxi station
In the area where Pisco sits flourished one of the major ancient civilizations in Peru, the Paracas culture. Due to its ease of access, and its crossroads to the Andes the Spaniards may have considered making Pisco the capital, before they decided on Lima.
In the city is the Plaza de Armas, where people buy tejas, small sweets made from pecans and assorted dried fruits. Many different building that surround the Plaza are the statue of José de San Martín, the mansion he lived in, and the Municipal Palace. Other building in the city is the heavily baroque Iglesia de la Compañía, begun in 1689, features a superb carved pulpit and gold-leaf altarpiece.
Near the town, just off the road to Ayacucho, lies the large, well-preserved Inca site of Tambo Colorado.
Climate
The city of Pisco experiences hot arid climate, with warm temperatures and extremely low rainfall prevailing all year-round. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Pisco has a mild desert climate, abbreviated "Bwh" on climate maps.[8] The average maximum temperature in the city is 23.7 °C (74.7 °F), ranging from a February peak of 27.7 °C (81.9 °F) to a July low of 20.2 °C (68.4 °F). The average minimum temperature in the city is 15.8 °C (60.4 °F), fluctuating from 19.5 °C (67.1 °F) to 12.9 °C (55.2 °F) in the months of February and August respectively. Rainfall is incredulously low; the average annual rainfall total amounts to a mere 1.5 mm (0.1 in).
| Climate data for Pisco, Peru | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 26.9 (80.4) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.3 (81.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
20.4 (68.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.2 (77.4) |
23.7 (74.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 18.7 (65.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
12.9 (55.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.2 (0.008) |
0.1 (0.004) |
0.2 (0.008) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.1 (0.004) |
0.1 (0.004) |
0.3 (0.012) |
0.2 (0.008) |
0.2 (0.008) |
0.1 (0.004) |
0.0 (0) |
1.5 (0.059) |
| Source: NOAA[9] | |||||||||||||
Transport
Pisco is served by the Capitán FAP Renán Elías Olivera Airport (IATA: PIO, ICAO: SPSO), located in Pisco (PIO).[10] This international airport shares facilities with the Peruvian Air Force and is also designated as a back-up airport to the Jorge Chávez International Airport (IATA: LIM, ICAO: SPIM) in Lima, Peru. On September 4, 2012, President Ollanta Humala was present for the beginning of renovations to the airport,[11] which is expected to be operational by 2015 with the ability to receive an anticipated 400,000 passengers a year in 2017.
2007 earthquake
The city was very near the epicenter of the devastating 8.0-magnitude earthquake which struck south central Peru on Wednesday August 15, 2007. Media officials reported that 80% of the city was destroyed, including the central San Clemente Cathedral of Pisco, located in Plaza de Armas in which mass was taking place at the time of the earthquake.[12] The resulting dead account for a reported 30 percent of the total fatalities caused by the earthquake.[13] Several hundred more were killed throughout the city[14] Several years on the city is still recovering from the damage done during the earthquake.[15]
Notable people
- Raúl Porras Barrenechea, historian, diplomat
- Juan de Dios Guevara, chemist
- Abraham Valdelomar, writer
International relations
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Twin towns – Sister cities
Pisco is twinned with:
References
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.svg){kind=small} Peruvian cities with a population of over 100,000 |
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Pisco celebrates its 371st anniversary
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pisco (Peru) at Encyclopedia Britannica
- ↑ Pisco - All About Pisco - Peruvian & Chilean Pisco Brandy at about.com
- ↑ Pisco at Slate.com
- ↑ Peru population estimates at INEI.gob.pe
- ↑ Pisco at Trekker.co.il
- ↑ Climate Summary for Pisco, Peru
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Capitán FAP Renán Elías Olivera Airport
- ↑ Peru starts work at Pisco international airport at Peru this Week
- ↑ Grim quake toll from Peru church at BBC News
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ New York Times article on the 2007 earthquake
- ↑ Pisco Sin Fronteras, an NGO working to help rebuild Pisco
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
