Sodium butyrate

Sodium butyrate

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Names
IUPAC name Sodium butanoate
Other names Sodium butyrate
Identifiers
CAS Number	156-54-7 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:64103 N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL62381 N
ChemSpider	8727 N
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	5222465
InChI InChI=1S/C4H8O2.Na/c1-2-3-4(5)6;/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
SMILES CCCC(=O)[O-].[Na+]
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H7NaO2
Molar mass	110.09 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Sodium butyrate is a compound with formula Na(C₃H₇COO). It is the sodium salt of butyric acid. It has various effects on cultured mammalian cells including inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation and induction or repression of gene expression. As such, it can be used in lab to bring about any of these effects. Specifically, butyrate treatment of cells results in histone hyperacetylation, and butyrate itself inhibits class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, specifically HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC8. Butyrate has been an essential vehicle for determining the role of histone acetylation in chromatin structure and function. Inhibition of HDAC activity is estimated to affect the expression of only 2% of mammalian genes.

In the lab, sodium butyrate is usually found as a white, water-soluble, crystalline solid with a strong, unpleasant smell. When working with sodium butyrate, gloves, eye protection and respiratory masks are advised.

See also

• Butyric acid