Subiculum
Lua error in Module:Infobox at line 235: malformed pattern (missing ']'). The subiculum (Latin for "support") is the most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It lies between the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus proper.
Contents
Structure
It receives input from CA1 and entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons and is the main output of the hippocampus. The pyramidal neurons send projections to the nucleus accumbens, septal nuclei, prefrontal cortex, lateral hypothalamus, nucleus reuniens, mammillary nuclei, entorhinal cortex and amygdala.
The pyramidal neurons in the subiculum exhibit transitions between two modes of action potential output: bursting and single spiking.[1] The transitions between these two modes is thought to be important for routing information out of the hippocampus.
Four component areas have been described:[2] parasubiculum (adjacent to the parahippocampal gyrus), presubiculum, subiculum, and prosubiculum.
Function
It is believed to play a role in some cases of human epilepsy.[3][4]
It has also been implicated in working memory[5] and drug addiction.[6]
It has been suggested that the dorsal subiculum is involved in spatial relations, and the ventral subiculum regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.[7]
Clinical significance
Potential role in Alzheimer's Disease
Rat studies indicate that lesioning of the subiculum decreases the spread of amyloid-beta in rat models of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease pathology is thought to have prion-like properties. The disease tends to spread in characteristic sequence from the entorhinal cortex through the subiculum.[8]
Additional images
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CajalHippocampus (modified).png
Basic circuit of the hippocampus
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- ↑ Donald C. Cooper, Sungkwon Chung, Nelson Spruston, "Output-Mode Transitions Are Controlled by Prolonged Inactivation of Sodium Channels in Pyramidal Neurons of Subiculum," PLoS Biology, 3(6):e175, 2005 June.
- ↑ http://atlas.brain-map.org
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