List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest ranking judicial body in the United States. Its membership, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869, consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight associate justices, any six of whom would constitute a quorum.^[1]^[2] Justices are nominated by the President of the United States and appointed after confirmation by the United States Senate. Justices of the Supreme Court have life tenure^[3] and receive a salary which is set at $255,500 per year for the chief justice and at $244,400 per year for each associate justice as of 2014.^[4]^[5]^[6]

The Supreme Court was created in 1789 by Article III of the United States Constitution, which stipulated that the "judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court" together with any lower courts Congress may establish.^[3] Congress organized the Court that year with the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789. It specified the Court's original and appellate jurisdiction, created thirteen judicial districts, and fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).^[7]^[8]

Since 1789, Congress has occasionally altered the size of the Supreme Court, historically in response to the country's own expansion in size. An 1801 act would have decreased the Court's size to five members upon its next vacancy. However, an 1802 act negated the effects of the 1801 act upon the Court before any such vacancy occurred, maintaining the Court's size at six members. Later legislation increased its size to seven members in 1807, to nine in 1837, and to ten in 1863. An 1866 act was to have reduced the Court's size from ten members to seven upon its next three vacancies, and two vacancies did occur during this period. However, before a third vacancy occurred, the Judiciary Act of 1869 intervened, restoring the Court's size to nine members, where it has remained since.^[9]

While the justices of the Supreme Court are appointed for life, many have retired or resigned. Beginning in the early 20th century, many justices who left the Court voluntarily did so by retiring from the Court without leaving the federal judiciary altogether. A retired justice, according to the United States Code, is no longer a member of the Supreme Court, but remains eligible to serve by designation as a judge of a U.S. Court of Appeals or District Court, and many retired justices have served in these capacities. Historically, the average length of service on the Court has been less than 15 years. However, since 1970 the average length of service has increased to about 26 years.^[10]

Current justices of the Supreme Court

There are currently eight justices serving on the Supreme Court (the ninth position has been vacant since the July 31, 2018 retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy); listed in order of seniority, they are:

John Roberts,
Chief Justice
since September 29, 2005
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[11]

Clarence Thomas,
Associate Justice
since October 23, 1991
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[12]
Stephen Breyer,
Associate Justice
since August 3, 1994
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[13]
Samuel Alito,
Associate Justice
since January 31, 2006
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[14]
Sonia Sotomayor,
Associate Justice
since August 8, 2009
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[15]

Elena Kagan,
Associate Justice
since August 7, 2010
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[16]
Neil Gorsuch,
Associate Justice
since April 10, 2017
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[17]
Brett Kavanaugh,
Associate Justice
since October 6, 2018
Age Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^[18]

All justices of the Supreme Court

Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, 113 persons have served on the Court. William O. Douglas holds the record for longest tenure on the Court – 36 years, 211 days, and Thomas Johnson's 163 day tenure is the shortest. Five individuals were confirmed for associate justice, and later appointed chief justice separately: Charles Evans Hughes,^{[lower-alpha 1]} William Rehnquist,^{[lower-alpha 2]} John Rutledge,^{[lower-alpha 1]} Harlan F. Stone,^{[lower-alpha 2]} and Edward Douglass White.^{[lower-alpha 2]} While listed twice, each of them has been assigned only one index number. The justices of the Supreme Court are:^[19]^[20]

Justice			State^{[lower-alpha 3]}	Position	Replacing	Date confirmed (Vote)	Tenure	Tenure length^{[lower-alpha 4]}	Appointed by
1		John Jay (1745–1829)	NY	Chief Justice	New seat	September 26, 1789 (Acclamation)	October 19, 1789 – June 29, 1795 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	George Washington
2		John Rutledge (1739–1800)	SC	Associate Justice	New seat	September 26, 1789 (Acclamation)	February 15, 1790 – March 4, 1791 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
3		William Cushing (1732–1810)	MA	Associate Justice	New seat	September 26, 1789 (Acclamation)	February 2, 1790 – September 13, 1810 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
4		James Wilson (1742–1798)	PA	Associate Justice	New seat	September 26, 1789 (Acclamation)	October 5, 1789 – August 21, 1798 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
5		John Blair (1732–1800)	VA	Associate Justice	New seat	September 26, 1789 (Acclamation)	February 2, 1790 – October 25, 1795 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
6		James Iredell (1751–1799)	NC	Associate Justice	New seat	February 10, 1790 (Acclamation)	May 12, 1790 – October 20, 1799 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
7		Thomas Johnson (1732–1819)	MD	Associate Justice	J. Rutledge	November 7, 1791 (Acclamation)	August 6, 1792^{[lower-alpha 5]} – January 16, 1793 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
8		William Paterson (1745–1806)	NJ	Associate Justice	T. Johnson	March 4, 1793 (Acclamation)	March 11, 1793 – September 8, 1806 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
2		John Rutledge (1739–1800)	SC	Chief Justice	Jay	December 15, 1795 (10–14)^{[lower-alpha 6]}	August 12, 1795^{[lower-alpha 5]} – December 28, 1795 (Resigned, nomination having been rejected)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
9	100px	Samuel Chase^{[lower-alpha 7]} (1741–1811)	MD	Associate Justice	Blair	January 27, 1796 (Acclamation)	February 4, 1796 – June 19, 1811 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
10		Oliver Ellsworth (1745–1807)	CT	Chief Justice	J. Rutledge	March 4, 1796 (21–1)	March 8, 1796 – December 15, 1800 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
11		Bushrod Washington (1762–1829)	VA	Associate Justice	Wilson	December 20, 1798 (Acclamation)	November 9, 1798^{[lower-alpha 5]} – November 26, 1829 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	John Adams
12		Alfred Moore (1755–1810)	NC	Associate Justice	Iredell	December 9, 1799 (Acclamation)	April 21, 1800 – January 26, 1804 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
13		John Marshall (1755–1835)	VA	Chief Justice	Ellsworth	January 27, 1801 (Acclamation)	February 4, 1801 – July 6, 1835 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
14		William Johnson (1771–1834)	SC	Associate Justice	Moore	March 24, 1804 (Acclamation)	May 7, 1804 – August 4, 1834 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Thomas Jefferson
15		Henry Brockholst Livingston (1757–1823)	NY	Associate Justice	Paterson	December 17, 1806 (Acclamation)	January 20, 1807 – March 18, 1823 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
16		Thomas Todd (1765–1826)	KY	Associate Justice	New seat	March 2, 1807 (Acclamation)	March 3, 1807 – February 7, 1826 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
17		Gabriel Duvall (1752–1844)	MD	Associate Justice	S. Chase	November 18, 1811 (Acclamation)	November 23, 1811 – January 12, 1835 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James Madison
18		Joseph Story (1779–1845)	MA	Associate Justice	Cushing	November 18, 1811 (Acclamation)	February 3, 1812 – September 10, 1845 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James Madison
19		Smith Thompson (1768–1843)	NY	Associate Justice	Livingston	December 9, 1823 (Acclamation)	September 1, 1823^{[lower-alpha 5]} – December 18, 1843 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James Monroe
20		Robert Trimble (1776–1828)	KY	Associate Justice	Todd	May 9, 1826 (25–5)	June 16, 1826 – August 25, 1828 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	John Quincy Adams
21	100px	John McLean (1785–1861)	OH	Associate Justice	Trimble	March 7, 1829 (Acclamation)	January 11, 1830 – April 4, 1861 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Andrew Jackson
22		Henry Baldwin (1780–1844)	PA	Associate Justice	Washington	January 6, 1830 (41–2)	January 18, 1830 – April 21, 1844 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
23	100px	James Moore Wayne (1790–1867)	GA	Associate Justice	W. Johnson	January 9, 1835 (Acclamation)	January 14, 1835 – July 5, 1867 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
24		Roger B. Taney (1777–1864)	MD	Chief Justice	J. Marshall	March 15, 1836 (29–15)	March 28, 1836 – October 12, 1864 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
25		Philip Pendleton Barbour (1783–1841)	VA	Associate Justice	Duvall	March 15, 1836 (30–11)	May 12, 1836 – February 25, 1841 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
26		John Catron (1786–1865)	TN	Associate Justice	New seat	March 8, 1837 (28–15)	May 1, 1837 – May 30, 1865 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
27		John McKinley (1780–1852)	AL	Associate Justice	New seat	September 25, 1837 (Acclamation)	January 9, 1838 – July 19, 1852 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Martin Van Buren
28		Peter Vivian Daniel (1784–1860)	VA	Associate Justice	Barbour	March 2, 1841 (25–5)	January 10, 1842 – May 31, 1860 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Martin Van Buren
29		Samuel Nelson (1792–1873)	NY	Associate Justice	Thompson	February 14, 1845 (Acclamation)	February 27, 1845 – November 28, 1872 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	John Tyler
30		Levi Woodbury (1789–1851)	NH	Associate Justice	Story	January 31, 1846 (Acclamation)	September 23, 1845^{[lower-alpha 5]} – September 4, 1851 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James K. Polk
31		Robert Cooper Grier (1794–1870)	PA	Associate Justice	Baldwin	August 4, 1846 (Acclamation)	August 10, 1846 – January 31, 1870 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James K. Polk
32		Benjamin Robbins Curtis (1809–1874)	MA	Associate Justice	Woodbury	December 20, 1851 (Acclamation)	October 10, 1851^{[lower-alpha 5]} – September 30, 1857 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Millard Fillmore
33		John Archibald Campbell (1811–1889)	AL	Associate Justice	McKinley	March 22, 1853 (Acclamation)	April 11, 1853 – April 30, 1861 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Franklin Pierce
34		Nathan Clifford (1803–1881)	ME	Associate Justice	Curtis	January 12, 1858 (26–23)	January 21, 1858 – July 25, 1881 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James Buchanan
35		Noah Haynes Swayne (1804–1884)	OH	Associate Justice	McLean	January 24, 1862 (38–1)	January 27, 1862 – January 24, 1881 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Abraham Lincoln
36		Samuel Freeman Miller (1816–1890)	IA	Associate Justice	Daniel	July 16, 1862 (Acclamation)	July 21, 1862 – October 13, 1890 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
37		David Davis (1815–1886)	IL	Associate Justice	Campbell	December 8, 1862 (Acclamation)	December 10, 1862^{[lower-alpha 5]} – March 4, 1877 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
38		Stephen Johnson Field (1816–1899)	CA	Associate Justice	New seat	March 10, 1863 (Acclamation)	May 10, 1863 – December 1, 1897 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
39		Salmon P. Chase (1808–1873)	OH	Chief Justice	Taney	December 6, 1864 (Acclamation)	December 15, 1864 – May 7, 1873 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
40		William Strong (1808–1895)	PA	Associate Justice	Grier	February 18, 1870 (No vote recorded)	March 14, 1870 – December 14, 1880 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Ulysses S. Grant
41		Joseph Philo Bradley (1813–1892)	NJ	Associate Justice	New seat	March 21, 1870 (46–9)	March 23, 1870 – January 22, 1892 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
42		Ward Hunt (1810–1886)	NY	Associate Justice	Nelson	December 11, 1872 (Acclamation)	January 9, 1873 – January 27, 1882 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
43		Morrison Waite (1816–1888)	OH	Chief Justice	S. P. Chase	January 21, 1874 (63–0)	March 4, 1874 – March 23, 1888 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
44		John Marshall Harlan (1833–1911)	KY	Associate Justice	Davis	November 29, 1877 (Acclamation)	December 10, 1877 – October 14, 1911 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Rutherford B. Hayes
45		William Burnham Woods (1824–1887)	GA	Associate Justice	Strong	December 21, 1880 (39–8)	January 5, 1881 – May 14, 1887 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Rutherford B. Hayes
46		Stanley Matthews (1824–1889)	OH	Associate Justice	Swayne	May 12, 1881 (24–23)	May 17, 1881 – March 22, 1889 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	James Garfield
47		Horace Gray (1828–1902)	MA	Associate Justice	Clifford	December 20, 1881 (51–5)	January 9, 1882 – September 15, 1902 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Chester A. Arthur
48		Samuel Blatchford (1820–1893)	NY	Associate Justice	Hunt	March 22, 1882 (Acclamation)	April 3, 1882 – July 7, 1893 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Chester A. Arthur
49		Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II (1825–1893)	MS	Associate Justice	Woods	January 16, 1888 (32–28)	January 18, 1888 – January 23, 1893 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Grover Cleveland
50		Melville Fuller (1833–1910)	IL	Chief Justice	Waite	July 20, 1888 (41–20)	October 8, 1888 – July 4, 1910 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Grover Cleveland
51		David Josiah Brewer (1837–1910)	KS	Associate Justice	Matthews	December 18, 1889 (53–11)	January 6, 1890 – March 28, 1910 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Benjamin Harrison
52	100px	Henry Billings Brown (1836–1913)	MI	Associate Justice	Miller	December 29, 1890 (Acclamation)	January 5, 1891 – May 28, 1906 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
53		George Shiras, Jr. (1832–1924)	PA	Associate Justice	Bradley	July 26, 1892 (Acclamation)	October 10, 1892 – February 23, 1903 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
54		Howell Edmunds Jackson (1832–1895)	TN	Associate Justice	L. Lamar	February 18, 1893 (Acclamation)	March 4, 1893 – August 8, 1895 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
55		Edward Douglass White (1845–1921)	LA	Associate Justice	Blatchford	February 19, 1894 (Acclamation)	March 12, 1894 – December 18, 1910 (Continued as chief justice)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Grover Cleveland
56		Rufus Wheeler Peckham (1838–1909)	NY	Associate Justice	H. Jackson	December 9, 1895 (Acclamation)	January 6, 1896 – October 24, 1909 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Grover Cleveland
57		Joseph McKenna (1843–1926)	CA	Associate Justice^{[lower-alpha 8]}	Field	January 21, 1898 (Acclamation)	January 26, 1898 – January 5, 1925 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	William McKinley
58		Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (1841–1935)	MA	Associate Justice^{[lower-alpha 9]}	Gray	December 4, 1902 (Acclamation)	December 8, 1902 – January 12, 1932 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Theodore Roosevelt
59		William R. Day (1849–1923)	OH	Associate Justice	Shiras	February 23, 1903 (Acclamation)	March 2, 1903 – November 13, 1922 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
60		William Henry Moody (1853–1917)	MA	Associate Justice	Brown	December 12, 1906 (Acclamation)	December 17, 1906 – November 20, 1910 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
61		Horace Harmon Lurton (1844–1914)	TN	Associate Justice	Peckham	December 20, 1909 (Acclamation)	January 3, 1910 – July 12, 1914 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	William Howard Taft
62		Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948)	NY	Associate Justice	Brewer	May 2, 1910 (Acclamation)	October 10, 1910 – June 10, 1916 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
55		Edward Douglass White (1845–1921)	LA	Chief Justice	Fuller	December 12, 1910 (Acclamation)	December 19, 1910 – May 19, 1921 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
63		Willis Van Devanter (1859–1941)	WY	Associate Justice	E. D. White	December 15, 1910 (Acclamation)	January 3, 1911^{[lower-alpha 10]} – June 2, 1937 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
64		Joseph Rucker Lamar (1857–1916)	GA	Associate Justice	Moody	December 15, 1910 (Acclamation)	January 3, 1911^{[lower-alpha 10]} – January 2, 1916 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
65		Mahlon Pitney (1858–1924)	NJ	Associate Justice	J. Harlan	March 13, 1912 (50–26)	March 18, 1912 – December 31, 1922 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
66		James Clark McReynolds (1862–1946)	TN	Associate Justice	Lurton	August 29, 1914 (44–6)	October 12, 1914 – January 31, 1941 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Woodrow Wilson
67		Louis Brandeis (1856–1941)	KY	Associate Justice	J. Lamar	June 1, 1916 (47–22)	June 5, 1916 – February 13, 1939 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
68	100px	John Hessin Clarke (1857–1945)	OH	Associate Justice	Hughes	July 24, 1916 (Acclamation)	October 9, 1916 – September 18, 1922 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
69	100px	William Howard Taft (1857–1930)	CT	Chief Justice	E. D. White	June 30, 1921 (Acclamation)	July 11, 1921 – February 3, 1930 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Warren G. Harding
70		George Sutherland (1862–1942)	UT	Associate Justice	Clarke	September 5, 1922 (Acclamation)	October 2, 1922 – January 17, 1938 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
71		Pierce Butler (1866–1939)	MN	Associate Justice	Day	December 21, 1922 (61–8)	January 2, 1923 – November 16, 1939 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
72		Edward Terry Sanford (1865–1930)	TN	Associate Justice	Pitney	January 29, 1923 (Acclamation)	February 19, 1923 – March 8, 1930 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
73		Harlan F. Stone (1872–1946)	NY	Associate Justice^{[lower-alpha 11]}	McKenna	February 5, 1925 (71–6)	March 2, 1925 – July 2, 1941 (Continued as chief justice)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Calvin Coolidge
62		Charles Evans Hughes (1862–1948)	NY	Chief Justice	Taft	February 13, 1930 (52–26)	February 24, 1930 – June 30, 1941 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Herbert Hoover
74		Owen Josephus Roberts (1875–1955)	PA	Associate Justice	Sanford	May 20, 1930 (Acclamation)	June 2, 1930 – July 31, 1945 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
75		Benjamin N. Cardozo (1870–1938)	NY	Associate Justice	Holmes	February 24, 1932 (Acclamation)	March 14, 1932 – July 9, 1938 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
76		Hugo Black (1886–1971)	AL	Associate Justice^{[lower-alpha 12]}	Van Devanter	August 17, 1937 (63–16)	August 19, 1937 – September 17, 1971 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Franklin D. Roosevelt
77	100px	Stanley Forman Reed (1884–1980)	KY	Associate Justice	Sutherland	January 25, 1938 (Acclamation)	January 31, 1938 – February 25, 1957 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
78		Felix Frankfurter (1882–1965)	MA	Associate Justice	Cardozo	January 17, 1939 (Acclamation)	January 30, 1939 – August 28, 1962 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
79		William O. Douglas (1898–1980)	CT	Associate Justice	Brandeis	April 4, 1939 (62–4)	April 17, 1939 – November 12, 1975 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
80		Frank Murphy (1890–1949)	MI	Associate Justice	Butler	January 16, 1940 (Acclamation)	February 5, 1940 – July 19, 1949 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
73		Harlan F. Stone (1872–1946)	NY	Chief Justice	Hughes	June 27, 1941 (Acclamation)	July 3, 1941 – April 22, 1946 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
81		James F. Byrnes (1882–1972)	SC	Associate Justice	McReynolds	June 12, 1941 (Acclamation)	July 8, 1941 – October 3, 1942 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
82	100px	Robert H. Jackson (1892–1954)	NY	Associate Justice	Stone	July 7, 1941 (Acclamation)	July 11, 1941 – October 9, 1954 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
83		Wiley Blount Rutledge (1894–1949)	IA	Associate Justice	Byrnes	February 8, 1943 (Acclamation)	February 15, 1943 – September 10, 1949 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
84	100px	Harold Hitz Burton (1888–1964)	OH	Associate Justice	O. Roberts	September 19, 1945 (Acclamation)	October 1, 1945 – October 13, 1958 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Harry S. Truman
85		Fred M. Vinson (1890–1953)	KY	Chief Justice	Stone	June 20, 1946 (Acclamation)	June 24, 1946 – September 8, 1953 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
86		Tom C. Clark (1899–1977)	TX	Associate Justice	Murphy	August 18, 1949 (73–8)	August 24, 1949 – June 12, 1967 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
87		Sherman Minton (1890–1965)	IN	Associate Justice	W. Rutledge	October 4, 1949 (48–16)	October 12, 1949 – October 15, 1956 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
88		Earl Warren (1891–1974)	CA	Chief Justice	Vinson	March 1, 1954 (Acclamation)	October 5, 1953^{[lower-alpha 5]} – June 23, 1969 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Dwight D. Eisenhower
89		John Marshall Harlan II (1899–1971)	NY	Associate Justice	R. Jackson	March 16, 1955 (71–11)	March 28, 1955 – September 23, 1971 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
90		William J. Brennan (1906–1997)	NJ	Associate Justice	Minton	March 19, 1957 (Acclamation)	October 16, 1956^{[lower-alpha 5]} – July 20, 1990 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
91		Charles Evans Whittaker (1901–1973)	MO	Associate Justice	Reed	March 19, 1957 (Acclamation)	March 25, 1957 – March 31, 1962 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
92		Potter Stewart (1915–1985)	OH	Associate Justice	Burton	May 5, 1959 (70–17)	October 14, 1958^{[lower-alpha 5]} – July 3, 1981 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
93		Byron White (1917–2002)	CO	Associate Justice	Whittaker	April 11, 1962 (Acclamation)	April 16, 1962 – June 28, 1993 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	John F. Kennedy
94		Arthur Goldberg (1908–1990)	IL	Associate Justice	Frankfurter	September 25, 1962 (Acclamation)	October 1, 1962 – July 25, 1965 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	John F. Kennedy
95		Abe Fortas (1910–1982)	TN	Associate Justice	Goldberg	August 11, 1965 (Acclamation)	October 4, 1965 – May 14, 1969 (Resigned)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Lyndon B. Johnson
96		Thurgood Marshall (1908–1993)	NY	Associate Justice	Clark	August 30, 1967 (69–11)	October 2, 1967 – October 1, 1991 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Lyndon B. Johnson
97		Warren E. Burger (1907–1995)	VA	Chief Justice	Warren	June 9, 1969 (74–3)	June 23, 1969 – September 26, 1986 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Richard Nixon
98		Harry Blackmun (1908–1999)	MN	Associate Justice	Fortas	May 12, 1970 (94–0)	June 9, 1970 – August 3, 1994 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
99		Lewis F. Powell Jr. (1907–1998)	VA	Associate Justice	Black	December 6, 1971 (89–1)	January 7, 1972^{[lower-alpha 13]} – June 26, 1987 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
100		William Rehnquist (1924–2005)	AZ	Associate Justice	J. Harlan II	December 10, 1971 (68–26)	January 7, 1972^{[lower-alpha 13]} – September 26, 1986 (Continued as chief justice)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
101		John Paul Stevens (born 1920)	IL	Associate Justice^{[lower-alpha 14]}	Douglas	December 17, 1975 (98–0)	December 19, 1975 – June 29, 2010 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Gerald Ford
102		Sandra Day O'Connor (born 1930)	AZ	Associate Justice	Stewart	September 21, 1981 (99–0)	September 25, 1981 – January 31, 2006 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	Ronald Reagan
100		William Rehnquist (1924–2005)	VA	Chief Justice	Burger	September 17, 1986 (65–33)	September 26, 1986 – September 3, 2005 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
103	100px	Antonin Scalia (1936–2016)	VA	Associate Justice	Rehnquist	September 17, 1986 (98–0)	September 26, 1986 – February 13, 2016 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
104		Anthony Kennedy (born 1936)	CA	Associate Justice	Powell	February 3, 1988 (97–0)	February 18, 1988 – July 31, 2018 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).
105		David Souter (born 1939)	NH	Associate Justice	Brennan	October 2, 1990 (90–9)	October 9, 1990 – June 29, 2009 (Retired)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).	George H. W. Bush
106		Clarence Thomas (born 1948)	GA	Associate Justice	T. Marshall	October 15, 1991 (52–48)	October 23, 1991 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	George H. W. Bush
107		Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1933-2020)	NY	Associate Justice	B. White	August 3, 1993 (96–3)	August 10, 1993 – September 18, 2020 (Died)	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	Bill Clinton
108	100px	Stephen Breyer (born 1938)	MA	Associate Justice	Blackmun	July 29, 1994 (87–9)	August 3, 1994 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	Bill Clinton
109		John Roberts (born 1955)	MD	Chief Justice	Rehnquist	September 29, 2005 (78–22)	September 29, 2005 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	George W. Bush
110	100px	Samuel Alito (born 1950)	NJ	Associate Justice	O'Connor	January 31, 2006 (58–42)	January 31, 2006 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	George W. Bush
111		Sonia Sotomayor (born 1954)	NY	Associate Justice	Souter	August 6, 2009 (68–31)	August 8, 2009 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	Barack Obama
112		Elena Kagan (born 1960)	MA	Associate Justice	Stevens	August 5, 2010 (63–37)	August 7, 2010 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	Barack Obama
113	100px	Neil Gorsuch (born 1967)	CO	Associate Justice	Scalia	April 7, 2017 (54–45)	April 10, 2017 – Incumbent	Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value).^{[lower-alpha 15]}	Donald Trump
Justice			State^{[lower-alpha 3]}	Position	Replacing	Date confirmed (Vote)	Tenure	Tenure length	Appointed by

Notes

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Timelines

All justices

This graphical timeline depicts the progression of the justices on the Supreme Court. Information regarding each justice's predecessors, successors and fellow justices, as well as their tenure on the court can be gleaned (and comparisons between justices drawn) from it. Additionally, The progression of presidents, along with the number of justices each nominated, is shown at the top of the timeline to give a more detailed historical context. Regarding the associate justice seat numbers, due to the several changes in the size of the Court since 1789, two of the ten seats chronicled below—"Seat 7" and "Seat 5"—have been abolished, both as a result of the Judicial Circuits Act of 1866. The associate justice "seat 1" is currently vacant, following the retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy.

References

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External links

Biographies of Justices

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v t e Supreme Court of the United States
The Court	Decisions Procedures History Supreme Court Building Old City Hall, Philadelphia 1791–1800 U.S. Capitol Chamber 1819–1860 U.S. Capitol Chamber 1860–1935
Current members	Chief Justice John Roberts Associate Justices Anthony Kennedy Clarence Thomas Ruth Bader Ginsburg Stephen Breyer Samuel Alito Sonia Sotomayor Elena Kagan Neil Gorsuch Retired Associate Justices John Paul Stevens Sandra Day O'Connor David Souter
Current nominations	No Vacancies
All members	List of all members by court by seat by time in office by education succession timeline List of Chief Justices List of Associate Justices All nominations Unsuccessful nominations Nominations near end of presidency Court demographics Justices who served in Congress Ideological leanings
Court functionaries	Clerk Reporter of Decisions Supreme Court Police
Law clerks	Chief Justice Seat 1 Seat 2 Seat 3 Seat 4 Seat 6 Seat 8 Seat 9 Seat 10 All
Related	United States Solicitor General United States Reports Lawyers' Edition Amicus curiae
Other countries Law Portal

List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States

Contents

Current justices of the Supreme Court

All justices of the Supreme Court

Notes

Timelines

All justices

See also

References

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