Timeline of Hanoi
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
The following is a timeline of the history of Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam:
-
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Contents
- 1 Prehistory
- 2 Van Lang
- 3 Au Lac
- 4 Qin Empire
- 5 Nanyue
- 6 Han Empire
- 7 Song Empire
- 8 Van Xuan
- 9 Tang Empire
- 10 Dai Viet
- 11 Medieval period
- 12 French occupation
- 13 Japanese occupation
- 14 French reoccupation
- 15 Democratic Republic of Vietnam
- 16 21st century
- 17 See also
- 18 References
- 19 Bibliography
- 20 External links
Prehistory
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- c. 1000 BCE — The Bronze-Age Dong Son culture of the Lac people occupies the Red River valley
Van Lang
- c. 300 BCE — According to much later sources, the area of present-day Hanoi formed part of the Giao Chỉ region of Van Lang
- c. 258 BCE — The Âu Việt, united under the Shu emigrant Shu Pan (Thục Phán), invade and conquer Van Lang
Au Lac
- c. 257 BCE — Co Loa established by Shu Pan in the present city's Dong Anh district to serve as the capital of the unified kingdom of Au Lac
Qin Empire
- 214 BCE — The First Emperor begins his campaign against the Baiyue (Bách Việt) people of the south
- 208 BCE — General Zhao Tuo (Triệu Đà) defeats Shu Pan and takes Co Loa, incorporating it into his Nanhai Commandery
Nanyue
- 204 BCE — Zhao Tuo declares his realm the independent kingdom of Nanyue (Nam Việt)
- 196 BCE — Lu Jia secures the nominal submission of Nanyue to Han
- 179 BCE — By this point, Nanyue's lands in the Red River valley have been organized as the commandery of Jiaozhi (Giao Chỉ)
Han Empire
- 111 BCE — The commander of Jiaozhi submits to Han following Lu Bode's razing of the capital Panyu, remaining in his post and beginning the "First Northern Domination" of Vietnam.
- 208 CE — Longbian (Long Biên) erected in its eponymous district
- 226 — A Roman embassy arrives
Song Empire
- 454 x 464 — Songping (Tong Binh) established by the Liu Song[1] on the south bank of the Red River in Hanoi's Tu Liem and Hoai Duc districts
Van Xuan
Tang Empire
- 621 — Longbian and Songping briefly elevated to prefectural status as Longzhou and Songzhou[2]
- 722 — Songping falls to Mai Thúc Loan[3]
- late 8th century — Zhang Boyi erects Luocheng (La Thành, "Enclosing Wall[ed City]") in the present city's Ba Dinh district
- early 9th century — Luocheng renamed Jincheng (Kim Thành, "Golden Wall[ed City]")
- 866 — Gao Pian, the local jiedushi, expands the fortress at Jincheng and renames it Da Luocheng (Đại La Thành, "Big Enclosing Wall[ed City]")
Dai Viet
- 1010 — Luocheng renamed Thang Long with the erection of its Imperial Citadel[4] and dedication as the capital of the Lý Dynasty.[5]
- Quán Thánh Temple built.
- 1049 — One Pillar Pagoda built.
- 1070 — Temple of Literature built.
- 1076 — Imperial Academy established.
Medieval period
- 1225 — City becomes capital of the Trần Dynasty.
- 15th century — Temple of the Jade Mountain and Quán Sứ Temple built.
- 1408 — City renamed Dōngguān (Chinese: 東關, "Eastern Gateway"; Đông Quan in Vietnamese) by the Chinese Ming Dynasty.
- 1573 — "Foggy Lake" renamed West Lake.
- 1615 — Trấn Quốc Pagoda relocated to West Lake.
- 1656 — Láng Temple renovated.
- 1686 — Perfume Pagoda expanded.
- 1730s — Trúc Lâm Palace built at Trúc Bạch Lake.
- 1802 — Vietnamese capital relocated to Huế.[5]
- 1812 — Flag Tower built.
- 1831 — City renamed Hà Nội (河内, "Between Rivers" or "River Interior") by Nguyễn emperor Minh Mạng.
French occupation
- 1873 — November 20: Francis Garnier of France takes citadel.[6]
- 1874 — French concession granted per treaty.[7]
- 1882 — French occupation begins.[8]
- 1883
- May 19: Battle of Cầu Giấy (Paper Bridge) fought near city.
- August 15: Battle of Phủ Hoài fought near city.
- 1884 — L'Avenir du Tonkin French newspaper begins publication.[9]
- 1886
- Kinh Thien Palace built.[4]
- Turtle Tower built in Hoàn Kiếm Lake.[citation needed]
- 1887 — Banque de l'Indochine branch opens.
- 1888 — St. Joseph's Cathedral built.[10]
- 1889 — City area expanded with land from Tho Xuong and Vinh Thuan districts.[11]
- 1890
- 1894 — Lanessan Hospital built for French military.
- 1898
- Hỏa Lò Prison built.
- Geological Museum established.[12]
- 1900 — École française d'Extrême-Orient headquartered in Hanoi.[13]
- 1902
- City becomes capital of French Indochina.
- Hanoi Railway Station opens.
- Indochina Medical College founded.
- Indo China Exposition Française et Internationale (world's fair) held.
- Population: 150,000.[14]
- 1903 — Long Biên Bridge constructed.
- 1906
- Presidential Palace built.
- University of Indochina established.
- 1908 — Collège du Protectorat established.
- 1910
- Phùng Khoang Church built.
- Museum of archaeology and ethnology organized.[12]
- 1911 — Hanoi Opera House built.
- 1917
- Indochinese Central Archives set up.[12]
- Bach Mai Airfield constructed.
- 1919 — Lycée Albert Sarraut and Bibliothèque Centrale Hanoi established.[12]
- 1925 — Ecole des Beaux-arts d'Indochine opens.[15]
- 1926 — Musee Louis Finot established.[12]
- 1929 — March: Vietnamese Communist Party organized on Ham Long Street.[16]
- 1930
- Provisional Vietnamese Communist Party headquartered on Tho Nhuom Street.[16]
- Đồng tử quân youth scouting group formed.[citation needed]
- 1932 — Cửa Bắc Church built.
- 1934 — Hàm Long Church built.
- 1936
- Gia Lam Airfield constructed.
- Indochina Communist Party headquartered on Phung Hung Street.[16]
Japanese occupation
- 1941 — December 7: Japanese occupation begins.[16]
- 1942 — Hoan Long District (now Ba Đình District) becomes part of city.[11]
French reoccupation
- 1945
- Japanese occupation ends.
- September 2: Ho Chi Minh reads the Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Ba Đình Square.[17]
- Vietnam National University and National Library of Vietnam established.[12]
- Voice of Vietnam begins broadcasting.
- Tran Van Lai becomes mayor.[citation needed]
- 1946
- March 2: National Assembly meets in the Great Theatre.
- December 19: Battle of Hanoi begins.[18]
- 1947 — February 17: Battle of Hanoi ends; French in power.[18]
- 1951 — Hanoi National University of Education established.
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
- 1954
- City becomes capital of independent North Vietnam.
- People's Open Air Theatre active.[16]
- Hanoi Radio begins broadcasting.
- 1955 — College of Foreign Languages founded.
- 1956 — Vietnam School of Music, University of Agriculture and Forestry, and Hanoi University of Science and Technology established.
- 1958
- National Museum of Vietnamese History established.
- Thanh Niên Road constructed between Trúc Bạch Lake and West Lake.
- 1959
- Vietnam Museum of Revolution,[12] Hanoi University of Foreign Studies, and Electricity Water Resources Academy established.
- Vietnam Military History Museum inaugurated.[12]
- 1960 — Foreign Trade University and Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hanoi established.
- 1961
- Cultural College of Hanoi established.[12]
- School of Public Administration in operation.
- 1962 — National Archives Center #1 established.[12]
- 1965 — Residents begin evacuating city on threat of airstrikes by United States forces.[18]
- 1966
- June 29: Aerial bombing outside city by United States forces.[19]
- Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts inaugurated.[12][20]
- Le Quy Don Technical University established.
- 1967
- 1968 — Hànội mói newspaper in publication.[22]
- 1969 — Hanoi Architectural University and Foreign Language Specialized School established.
- 1970 — Vietnam Television begins broadcasting.
- 1972
- April: Bombing by United States forces.[18]
- December: Aerial bombing by United States forces.[21]
- 1974 — Central Secondary School of Archives and Office Skills established.[12]
- 1975 — Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum inaugurated.
- 1976 — City becomes capital of Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
- 1978 — Noi Bai International Airport opens.
- 1979 — Population: 879,500.[23]
- 1980 — Hanoi Institute of Theatre and Cinema founded.[24]
- 1984 — Vietnam National Symphony Orchestra revived.
- 1985
- Chương Dương Bridge built.
- Hanoi – Amsterdam High School established.
- 1988 — Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre headquartered in Hanoi.[citation needed]
- 1989 — Population: 1,089,760.[23]
- 1990 — Ho Chi Minh Museum established.[25]
- 1992 — Population: 1,073,760.[26]
- 1993
- Vietnam War Memorial erected.
- Hanoi University of Science in operation.
- Mai art gallery opens.[27]
- 1995
- Institut de la Francophonie pour l'Informatique founded.
- Vietnamese Women's Museum dedicated.[12]
- 1997
- Vietnam Museum of Ethnology opens.[12]
- November: Organisation internationale de la Francophonie summit held.[16]
- 1998
- March 24: Turtle sighting in Hoàn Kiếm Lake.[28]
- Hàng Đẫy Stadium opens.[citation needed]
- 1999 — Population: 1,523,936.[23]
21st century
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- 2001 — Trang Tien Plaza (shopping center) in business.
- 2002 — National Archives Center #3 opens.[12]
- 2003
- Mỹ Đình National Stadium opens in Từ Liêm District.
- November: City hosts meeting of Asian Network of Major Cities 21.
- 2005 — Hanoi Securities Trading Center launched.
- 2006
- Vietnam National Convention Center built in Từ Liêm District.
- FPT University established.
- November: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting held.
- 2008
- Hanoi Capital Region created to include 29 districts; population expands to 6,232,940.
- Thanh Trì Bridge and Vĩnh Tuy Bridge constructed.
- Ba Dinh Hall demolished.
- 2009 — October–November: 2009 Asian Indoor Games held.
- 2010
- July: 2010 Asian Junior Athletics Championships held.
- October: Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi.
- Hanoi Museum opens.
- 2011 — Keangnam Hanoi Landmark Tower built.
See also
- Districts of Hanoi
- List of Buddhist temples in Hanoi
- List of historical capitals of Vietnam
- Media of Vietnam
References
- ↑ Loewe (2004), p. 60.
- ↑ Schafer (1967), p. 32.
- ↑ Anh (2000), p. 26.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Logan 2005.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ d'Orléans 1894.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Directory 1892.
- ↑ Drummond 2013.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Kurfürst 2012.
- ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Taylor 2009.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 Logan 2000.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Turley 1975.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Logan 1995.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hanoi. |